Functional Analysis of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptors in TNF- -Mediated Insulin Resistance in Genetic Obesity

Functional analysis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors in TNF-alpha-mediated insulin resistance in genetic obesity.

Although obesity has become the most common metabolic disorder in the developed world and is highly associated with insulin resistance and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, the molecular mechanisms underlying these disorders are not clearly understood. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is overexpressed in obesity and is a candidate mediator of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Com...

Antiviral Activity of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Is Mediated via p55 and p75 TNF Receptors

The antiviral nature of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is generally well accepted. TNF appears to induce multiple antiviral mechanisms, and to synergize with interferon (IFN)-gamma in promoting antiviral activities. We infected TNF receptor (TNFR)-deficient mice with the virulent murine pathogen, ectromelia virus (EV), and observed that otherwise resistant mice were susceptible to lethal infection...

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) can paradoxically increase on etanercept treatment, occasionally contributing to TNF-mediated disease.

TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA (TNF-a)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF, TNFSF2) is an important multifunctional cytokine that regulates inflammation, host defense, immune responses, and apoptosis. TNF exists as a membrane-bound 26kDa, type II integral membrane protein, and a 17kDa soluble homotrimeric TNF that is generated via proteolytic cleavage by TNF-a converting enzyme (TACE, ADAM17). Both the membrane-bound and soluble forms ...

Cell-Specific Expression and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Regulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF ) and TNF Receptors in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion

The proinflammatory and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducible cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF ) has been shown to enhance primary sensory nociceptive signaling. However, the precise cellular sites of TNF and TNF receptor synthesis are still a matter of controversy. Therefore, we differentiated the neuronal and non-neuronal sites of TNF , TNFR1, and TNFR2 mRNA synthesis in dorsal root ganglion ...